Teaching and Learning Sampling Using Computer Simulation and Expert Systems
نویسنده
چکیده
Sampling is the process of collecting, analysing, and interpreting data in order to test hypotheses and provide needed information for intelligent decisions. Sampling is an attractive alternative to complete enumeration. Instead of measuring or recording all members of a population of interest, one concentrates on a representative proportion, objectively selected, to estimate desired characteristics of the target population. Sampling involves a number of critical decisions which affect the reliability of the estimates. For example, what factors influence the sample size? Does a specific design meet cost and precision criteria? How does the size, shape, and allocation of individual sampling units affect the efficiency of estimators? Under what conditions does stratified random sampling, for example, yield more precise results than simple random sampling? These types of questions must be addressed prior to selecting the most appropriate sampling method for a given situation. Sukhatme and Sukhatme (1970) define relative efficiency (RE) between two procedures, A and B, as follows:
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تاریخ انتشار 2006